No ka hoʻomaopopo maikaʻi ʻana i ka solar dynamo, pono ke aʻo ʻana i nā pou o ka lā, akā naʻe, ua hana ʻia nā ʻike āpau o ka Lā mai kahi equator solar. ʻAʻole hiki ke kiʻi i nā pou lā ma muli o ka palena o ka nānā ʻana mai ka mokulele ecliptic. I kēia mau lā, ua hoʻohuli maikaʻi ʻia ke alahele o "Solar Orbiter" i ka 17° ma lalo o ka equator o ka Lā, kahi i hiki ai i ka probe ke kiʻi i nā kiʻi mua loa o ka pole hema o ka Lā i kona lele ʻana i ka Lā i Malaki 2025 i ka manawa i hiki ai ka Lā ma ka palena kiʻekiʻe o kona pōʻaiapuni o ka lā i kēia manawa a i ka wā e hoʻohuli ai kona kahua magnetic i ka pou. ʻO ka nānā ʻana i nā hopena o kēia manawa a me nā noiʻi hou aʻe o nā ʻāpana polar o ka Lā i ka wā e hiki mai ana mai nā ʻōpuni inclined e kōkua i ka hoʻomaopopo maikaʻi ʻana i ka makani o ka lā i kahi wānana pololei o ka lewa.
Manaʻo ʻia ʻo Dynamo ma ke ʻano he mea hana e hoʻohuli i ka ikehu mechanical i ka uila akā ʻo ia hoʻi ke ʻano o ka mea hana magnetic field generator. Ma ka astronomy, pili ia i ke ʻano o nā kino lani e like me ka Honua a i ʻole ka Lā e hoʻohua ai i kā lākou mau māla magnetic. Ma ka honua, ke kahe mau o ka hao wai i loko o kona poʻo o waho e hoʻohua ai i ke kahua magnetic e pale ai i nā ʻano ola a me nā ʻenehana loea mai ka makani ikaika o ka lā. Ke hoʻohuli ʻia ka pole o ka honua ma hope o ka manawa awelika o 300,000 mau makahiki i ka wā e hoʻololi ai nā pole ma ka ʻākau a me ka hema. ʻO ka hoʻohuli hou ʻana i ka pole magnetic hope loa i ka Honua ma kahi o 780,000 mau makahiki aku nei.
ʻOi aku ka ikaika a me ka ikaika o ke kahua magnetic o ka lā no ka mea he pōpō nui ia o ka plasma churning. ʻO ka neʻe ʻana o nā kinoea wela i loko o ka loko, ʻoi aku ka nui mai ka convection zone a i ka photosphere e hoʻohua i nā māla magnetic ikaika, ʻaʻole like me ka honua, hoʻololi nui i ke ʻano cyclical i loko o nā makahiki liʻiliʻi e hōʻike ana i ka pōʻaiapuni o ka lā a me ka hoʻohuli ʻana i nā pou magnetic i kēlā me kēia 11 makahiki. Hoʻoholo kēia mau hoʻololi i ka makani o ka lā a me ka lewa e pili ana i nā ʻano ola a me nā ʻenehana ʻenehana ma ka Honua, no laila pono e hoʻomaopopo maikaʻi i ka solar dynamo.
ʻO ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka dynamo solar e pono ai ka nānā ʻana i nā pou o ka lā ma o ka spectroscopy a me ka polarimetry. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia nā pou o ka lā i kēia manawa ma muli o ka liʻiliʻi o ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻōkuhi lewa i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka mokulele ecliptic, kahi diski palahalaha a puni ka Lā kahi e hoʻopuni ai ka Honua, nā hōkūhele ʻē aʻe, a me nā mea nānā āpau āpau i ka Lā. Ua lawe ʻia nā kiʻi a pau o ka Lā mai ka equator solar. Ua hili ʻia ka mokulele ecliptic e 7° pili i ka equator o ka Lā; akā naʻe, ʻaʻole lawa kēia no ka ʻike maopopo ʻana i nā pou lā. Loaʻa ka palena like ʻole o nā telescopes honua. ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, ua lanakila kēia palena.
I Pepeluali 2025, ua hiki i ka "Solar Orbiter" probe o European Space Agency ke hoʻohuli i kona orbit ma 17° ma lalo o ka equator solar ma waho o ka mokulele ecliptic ma hope o ka lele ʻana o Venus. Ua lawa kēia no ka ʻike pono ʻana i ka pole hema o ka lā. Ma Malaki 2025, ua lawe maikaʻi ka ʻimi noiʻi i kekahi mau kiʻi o ka pole hema o ka Lā.
Ua kiʻi ʻia kēia mau kiʻi o ka pole hema o ka Lā i ka wā e hele ana ka Lā i ka palena kiʻekiʻe o kona pōʻaiapuni o ka lā i kēia manawa a i ka wā e piʻi ana kona kahua mākēneki i ka huli ʻana i ka pou. Hōʻike maopopo nā kiʻi i ka ʻike ʻana o ka polarity ʻākau a me ka hema ma ka pole hema e hōʻike ana i ka flip. ʻO ka hopena, ʻike ʻia ka pole hema i kahi kūlana haunaele. Pono e ulu mālie ka polarity hoʻokahi ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka hoʻohuli. Pono nā kiʻi hou e hoʻomaopopo i ke ʻano o ke kūkulu ʻana o ka polarity.
Ua hana pū ka mea hana Solar Orbiter i nā ana o ka neʻe ʻana o nā mea lā i loko o kahi papa kikoʻī o ka Lā e hiki ai ke hōʻike i ke ʻano o ka pakele ʻana o nā mea ionised i ka Lā ma ke ʻano o ka makani lā. ʻO ia mau ana mai nā ʻāpana polar e kōkua maikaʻi i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka makani lā.
ʻO ka nānā ʻana i nā hopena o ka ʻike mua ʻana o ka ʻāina polar o ka Lā mai kahi orbit hou o ka probe a me nā noiʻi like ʻole e hiki mai ana e hoʻonui nui i ko mākou ʻike i ke kahua magnetic o ka Lā, ka makani o ka lā, a me ka wā lewa.
***
E hoʻomaopopo ':
- Harra, L., Müller, D. Solar orbiter: he loiloi pōkole o ka misionari a me nā hopena ʻepekema mua. Astrophys Space Sci 370, 12 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10509-025-04400-3
- ESA. Loaʻa i ka Solar Orbiter nā manaʻo honua-mua o nā pole o ka Lā. Hoʻopuka ʻia 11 Iune 2025. Loaʻa ma https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/Solar_Orbiter/Solar_Orbiter_gets_world-first_views_of_the_Sun_s_poles
- ESA. Mea hoʻopunahele o ka lā. Loaʻa ma https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Space_Science/Solar_Orbiter
***
Pākuʻi pili:
- Ua ola ʻo "Parker Solar Probe" i kahi hālāwai kokoke loa i ka Lā (27 Dekemaba 2024)
- Ka wānana ʻana i ka lewa: ʻimi ka poʻe noiʻi i ka makani Solar mai ka Lā a i kahi kokoke i ka Honua (2 ʻOkakopa 2024)
- ʻO ka lewa, ka makani makani a me ka lekiō (11 Pepeluali 2021)
***
***
