Ua hoʻolālā nā ʻenekinia i ka lolo uila kahu' hiki ke ʻike a pale i ka haʻalulu a i ʻole ka hopu ʻana i nā maʻi e loaʻa ana i nā maʻi neurological
Wahi a ka World Health Organization (WHO) ʻoi aku ka nui o nā maʻi neurological ma mua o hoʻokahi piliona kānaka a puni ka honua a ʻoi aku ia ma mua o 6 miliona mau make i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻO kēia mau maʻi e pili ana i ka epilepsy, Alzheimer ka maʻi, ʻeha lolo a ʻeha a Parkinson ka maʻi. Loaʻa ka hopena o kēia mau maʻi ma nā ʻāina i kūkulu ʻia a me nā ʻāina ulu a he nui nā manawa i loaʻa ʻole ka mālama ʻana ma muli o ka nele o kahi ʻōnaehana olakino kūpono, nā limahana i aʻo ʻia a i ʻole nā mea ʻē aʻe. Ke ʻelemakule nei ka heluna kanaka o ka honua a e like me ka WHO, i nā makahiki he 30-40 e hiki mai ana, ʻoi aku ka hapalua o ka heluna kanaka ma mua o 65 mau makahiki. He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo i ka lilo ʻana o nā maʻi neurological i ke kaumaha olakino i ka wā e hiki mai ana
He 'pacemaker' no ka lolo
Ua hoʻolālā nā ʻenekinia mai ke Kulanui o Kaleponi Berkeley USA i kahi neurostimulator hou e hiki ai ke hoʻolohe i ka manawa like ('record') a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana ('hoʻouna') i ka uila i loko o ka lolo. Hiki i ia mea hana ke hāʻawi i kahi lapaʻau pilikino kūpono no nā poʻe maʻi e loaʻa ana i nā maʻi neurological ʻoi aku ka maʻi o Parkinson a me ka epilepsy. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka mea hana ʻo WAND (wireless artifact-free neuromodulation device), a hiki ke kapa ʻia ʻo ia he 'lolo pacemaker'like me ka puuwai kahu - he mea ʻuʻuku liʻiliʻi i hoʻohana ʻia i ka pākaukau e hiki ke ʻike i ka wā e kuʻi pinepine ʻole ai ka puʻuwai a laila hāʻawi i ka hōʻailona i ka puʻuwai e hoʻokō i ka wikiwiki kūpono i makemake ʻia. Pela no ka lolo kahu hiki iā ia ke nānā pono ʻole i ka hana uila o ka lolo a ke aʻo ʻo ia e ʻike i nā hōʻailona a i ʻole nā hiʻohiʻona o ka haʻalulu a i ʻole. hopu i loko o ka lolo, hiki i ka mea hana ke hoʻololi iā ia iho i nā ʻāpana hoʻouluulu ma ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka 'pololei' hoʻoulu uila i ka wā ʻaʻole i hoʻonohonoho ʻia kekahi mea. He ʻōnaehana loop paʻa ia e hiki ke hoʻopaʻa a hoʻoulu pū me ka ʻaoʻao a hiki ke hoʻoponopono i nā ʻāpana like ʻole i ka manawa maoli. Hiki iā WAND ke hoʻopaʻa i ka hana uila ma ka lolo ma mua o 125 mau kaha i loko o kahi ʻōnaehana pani pani. No ka hōʻike kūpono, ua hōʻike nā mea noiʻi ua hiki iā WAND ke ʻike a hana i nā hana kūpono e hoʻopaneʻe kūleʻa i nā neʻe lima kikoʻī loa i nā monkey primate (rhesus macaques).
Nā pilikia me nā mea hana mua
ʻO kekahi o nā pilikia nui i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono no ka mea maʻi i loaʻa i kahi maʻi neurological ka lōʻihi o ka loaʻa mua ʻana o kahi kaʻina hana a laila nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe. Hiki i kēlā me kēia mea hana ke pale pono i ka haʻalulu a i ʻole ka hopu ʻana i nā maʻi. Eia naʻe, maʻalahi loa nā pūlima uila i hiki mai ma mua o ka hopu maoli ʻana a i ʻole ka haʻalulu. Eia kekahi, ʻo ke alapine a me ka ikaika o ka hoʻoulu uila i makemake ʻia i hiki ke pale i kēia mau haʻalulu a i ʻole ka hopu ʻana he mea maʻalahi loa. ʻO ia ke kumu o nā hoʻololi liʻiliʻi no nā maʻi maʻamau e lawe i nā makahiki ma mua o ka hiki ʻana i kēlā me kēia mea hana ke hāʻawi i kahi lapaʻau maikaʻi loa. Inā hoʻokō pono ʻia kēia mau pilikia, hiki ke hoʻonui i ka hopena a me ka hiki ke loaʻa.
Ma kahi noiʻi hou i paʻi ʻia ma ʻO Nature Biomedical Engineering, ua makemake nā mea noiʻi e hāʻawi ka mea hana i ka hopena maikaʻi loa no ka mea maʻi ma o ka hāʻawi ʻana i kahi hoʻoulu maikaʻi. Hiki ke loaʻa kēia ma ka hoʻolohe ʻana a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā mamana a i ʻole nā pūlima neural. Akā, he mea paʻakikī loa ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā hōʻailona uila no ka mea, hiki i nā pulsations nui i hāʻawi ʻia e ka hoʻoulu ʻana ke hoʻopau i nā hōʻailona uila i loko o ka lolo. ʻO ka pilikia me nā mea hoʻoikaika o ka lolo hohonu i kēia manawa, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke 'hoʻopaʻa' a ma ka manawa like 'hāʻawi' i ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka ʻāpana like o ka lolo. ʻO kēia hiʻohiʻona ka mea koʻikoʻi no kēlā me kēia lāʻau lapaʻau paʻa a ʻaʻohe mea i loaʻa i kēia manawa i ke kālepa a i ʻole.
ʻO kēia kahi i hele mai ai ke kūlana kūikawā o WAND i ke kiʻi. Ua hoʻolālā ka poʻe noiʻi i nā kaapuni maʻamau WAND i hiki ke 'hoʻopaʻa' i nā hōʻailona piha mai nā nalu o ka lolo maʻalahi a me nā puʻupuʻu uila ikaika. ʻO ka unuhi ʻana o ka hōʻailona mai nā puʻupuʻu uila e loaʻa i kahi hōʻailona maʻemaʻe mai nā nalu lolo i hiki ʻole i kekahi o nā mea hana i kēia manawa ke hana. No laila, ʻo ka hoʻoulu ʻana a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka ʻāpana like o ka lolo e hōʻike iā mākou i nā hanana kūpono e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻolālā i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono. ʻAe ʻo WAND i ka hoʻonohonoho hou ʻana no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā noi like ʻole. Ma kahi hoʻokolohua ola ma luna o nā monkey, ua mākaukau ka mea WAND i ka ʻike ʻana i nā pūlima neural a laila hiki iā ia ke hāʻawi i ka hoʻoulu uila i makemake ʻia. No ka manawa mua, ua hōʻike ʻia kahi ʻōnaehana pani pani e hana pū i kēia mau hana ʻelua.
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{Hiki iā ʻoe ke heluhelu i ka pepa noiʻi kumu ma ke kaomi ʻana i ka loulou DOI i hāʻawi ʻia ma lalo nei ma ka papa inoa o nā kumu i ʻōlelo ʻia}
Puna (s)
Zhou A et al 2018. He uea a me ka artefact-free 128-kanal neuromodulation mea no ka pani-loop stimulation a me ka hoʻopaʻa 'ana i loko o ka ole kanaka primates. ʻO Nature Biomedical Engineering.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41551-018-0323-x
