Ua hoʻomohala nā ʻepekema i kahi ʻenehana laser e hiki ke wehe i nā ala no ka wahie maʻemaʻe a me nā ʻenehana ikehu i ka wā e hiki mai ana.
Makemake koke mākou i nā ala e pili ana i ke kaiapuni a hoʻomau e hoʻololi i nā wahie mōʻalihaku, ka aila a me ke kinoea maoli. ʻO ka carbon dioxide (CO2) kahi huahana ʻōpala nui i hana ʻia e nā hana a me nā kumu āpau e hilinaʻi nei i nā wahie fossil. Ma kahi o 35 billion metric tons o Carbon dioxide i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i loko o kā mākou ʻāpana honua ʻO ka lewa i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma ke ʻano he huahana ʻōpala mai nā mea kanu uila, nā kaʻa a me nā hoʻonohonoho ʻenehana a puni ka honua. No ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i nā hopena o CO2 ma ke ea honua, hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia kēia CO2 i hoʻohana ʻia ikehu e like me ka carbon monoxide a me nā kumu ikehu ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka laʻana, hoʻopuka ʻia me ka wai CO2 i ke kinoea hydrogen waiwai nui, ke hana ʻia me ka hydrogen e hoʻohua ai i nā kinikona pono e like me ka hydrocarbons a i ʻole ka waiʻona. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ia mau huahana no nā kumu like ʻole a pēlā pū kekahi ma ka pae ʻenehana honua.
ʻO ka electrocatalysts nā mea hoʻoheheʻe e komo i loko o nā hopena electrochemical - ke hana ʻia kahi hopena kemika akā pili pū ka mana uila. ʻO ka laʻana, hiki i ka catalyst kūpono ke kōkua i ka hana ʻana i ka hydrogen a me ka oxygen e hana i ka wai ma ke ʻano kaohi, inā ʻaʻole e hui wale ia o ʻelua kinoea. A i ʻole e hana i ka uila ma ka puhi ʻana i ka hydrogen a me ka oxygen. Hoʻololi a hoʻonui paha nā electrocatalysts i ka wikiwiki o nā hopena kemika me ka ʻole o ka pau ʻana i ka hopena. Ma ka pōʻaiapili me CO2, ʻike ʻia nā electrocatalysts e pili ana a hoʻohiki i ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka 'step-change' kūpono i ka hōʻemi ʻana o CO2 e like me ka makemake.
ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻaʻole i hoʻomaopopo piha ʻia ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana o kēia mau electrocatalysts a he paʻakikī nui ia e hoʻokaʻawale i waena o nā papa o nā molekala waena pōkole me ka "noise" o nā molekole hana ʻole i ka hopena. ʻO kēia ʻike liʻiliʻi o ka mīkini e pilikia ai i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka hoʻolālā ʻana o nā electrocatalysts.
Ua hōʻike nā kānaka ʻepekema ma Liverpool University UK i kahi kukunaʻenehana spectroscopy e pili ana i ka hoʻemi electrochemical o carbon dioxide in-situ i kā lākou noiʻi i paʻi ʻia ma Catalysis Kūlohelohe. Ua hoʻohana lākou i ka Vibrational Sum-Frequency Generation a i ʻole VSFG spectroscopy no ka manawa mua me nā hoʻokolohua electrochemical e ʻimi ai i kahi catalyst (Mn(bpy)(CO)3Br) i ʻike ʻia he electrocatalyst hoʻemi CO2 hoʻohiki. Ua ʻike ʻia ka ʻano o nā mea waena koʻikoʻi i loko o ka pōʻai catalytic o ka hopena no kahi manawa pōkole loa. Hiki i ka ʻenehana VSFG ke hahai i ka hana a me ka neʻe ʻana o nā ʻano mea pōkole loa i loko o kahi pōʻai catalytic a no laila kōkua iā mākou e hoʻomaopopo i ka hana ʻana o nā electrocatalysts. No laila, ʻike ʻia ke ʻano pololei o ka hana ʻana o nā electrocatalysts i kahi hopena kemika.
Hāʻawi kēia haʻawina i nā ʻike i kekahi o nā ala kemika paʻakikī a hiki iā mākou ke hana i nā hoʻolālā hou no nā electrocatalysts. Ke noiʻi nei nā mea noiʻi e pili ana i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka naʻau o kēia ʻenehana a ke kūkulu nei i kahi ʻōnaehana ʻike hou no ka hōʻailona maikaʻi aʻe i ka ratio leo. Hiki i kēia ala ke kōkua i ka wehe ʻana i nā ala no ka maikaʻi wahie maemae a e hoʻonui i ka hiki no ka ikaika pono. Pono e hoʻonui ʻia kēlā ʻano kaʻina hana no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka pono ma ka pae ʻoihana. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka nui o CO2 i hana ʻia mai nā mea kanu puhi ahi e pono ai ka holomua ʻoihana.
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Puna (s)
Neri G et al. 2018. Ka ʻike ʻana i nā intermediates catalytic ma kahi ʻili electrode i ka wā o ka hoʻemi ʻana o carbon dioxide e kahi catalyst nui honua. Catalysis Kūlohelohe. https://doi.org/10.17638/datacat.liverpool.ac.uk/533
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