ʻO nā henipaviruses, Hendra virus (HeV) a me Nipah virus (NiV) ua ʻike ʻia ke kumu o nā maʻi make i loko o ke kanaka. I ka makahiki 2022, ʻo Langya henipavirus (LayV), kahi moʻolelo henipavirus i ʻike ʻia ma Kina Hikina i nā maʻi febrile me ka ʻike moʻolelo hou o ka ʻike ʻana i nā holoholona. Ma kahi noiʻi hou, hōʻike nā mea noiʻi i ka ʻike mua ʻana o nā henipavirus ʻelua mai nā puʻupaʻa o nā ʻōpeʻapeʻa e noho ana i ka māla ma kahi kokoke i nā kauhale ma ka ʻāina ʻo Yunnan o Kina. ʻO nā maʻi henipavirus ʻelua i puka hou mai he mau ʻano phylogenetically ʻokoʻa a pili pono i nā maʻi Hendra a me Nipah lethal. Hoʻoulu kēia i ka hopohopo e pili ana i ka hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻoiai ʻo nā ʻōpeʻapeʻa hua (Pteropus) he mau pūʻali kūlohelohe o nā henipaviruses i lawe pinepine ʻia i nā kānaka a me nā holoholona ma o nā meaʻai i haumia i ka mimi ʻōpeʻa a i ʻole kohu.
ʻO ka maʻi maʻi Hendra (HeV) a me ka maʻi Nipah (NiV) o ka genus Henipavirus no ka ʻohana Paramyxoviridae o nā maʻi maʻi maʻi nui loa. ʻO kā lākou genome kahi RNA stranded hoʻokahi i hoʻopuni ʻia e kahi envelopp o lipid. Ua puka mai nā mea ʻelua i kēia mau lā i hala. Ua ʻike mua ʻia ka maʻi maʻi Hendra (HeV) i ka makahiki 1994-95 ma o kahi maʻi maʻi ma Hendra suburb ma Brisbane, Australia i ka wā i loaʻa ai ka nui o nā lio a me kā lākou mau mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka maʻi a ua make i ka maʻi māmā me nā kūlana koko. Ua ʻike mua ʻia ka maʻi maʻi Nipah (NiV) i kekahi mau makahiki ma hope mai i ka makahiki 1998 ma Nipah, Malaysia ma hope o ka laha ʻana. Mai ia manawa, ua nui nā hihia o NiV a puni ka honua ma nā ʻāina like ʻole ma Malaysia, Bangladesh, a me India. Hoʻopili pinepine ʻia kēia mau maʻi ʻino me ka nui o ka make ma waena o nā kānaka a me nā holoholona. ʻO nā ʻōpeʻa hua (Pteropus species) ko lākou mau waihona holoholona maoli. Loaʻa ka hoʻouna ʻana mai nā ʻōpeʻapeʻa ma o ke kohu, ka mimi, a me ka excreta i ke kanaka. ʻO ka puaʻa ka mea hoʻokipa waena no Nipah a ʻo nā lio ka pūʻali waena no HeV a me NiV.
I loko o ke kanaka, loaʻa nā maʻi HeV i nā hōʻailona like me ka maʻi influenza ma mua o ka piʻi ʻana i ka encephalitis fatal aʻo nā maʻi NiV e hōʻike pinepine ʻia e like me nā maʻi neurological a me ka encephalitis acute, a i kekahi mau hihia, ka maʻi hanu. Loaʻa ka hoʻoili ʻana i ke kanaka i ke kanaka i ka wā hope o ka maʻi.
ʻO nā maʻi henipaviruses ka wikiwiki e puka mai ana nā maʻi zoonotic. I ka mahina o Iune 2022, ua ʻike ʻia ka maʻi virus Angavokely (AngV) i nā laʻana mimi mai nā ʻōpeʻa hua ʻāhiu, Madagascar. Ma hope mai, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo Langya henipavirus (LayV) mai ka ʻāʻī ʻāʻī o nā mea maʻi febrile i ka wā o ka mākaʻikaʻi sentinel ma Kina ʻAukake 2022.
Ma kahi noiʻi i paʻi ʻia ma ka lā 24 Iune 2025, ua ʻike ka poʻe noiʻi i ʻelua mau henipavirus hou, pili i ka ʻōpeʻa a pili kokoke i ka hoʻololi ʻana me ka maʻi Hendra lethal (HeV) a me Nipah virus (NiV). No ka mea ʻo nā ʻōpeʻapeʻa nā waihona kūlohelohe o ka nui o nā pathogens a hiki i nā puʻupaʻa ke hoʻopaʻa i ka nui o nā pathogens, ʻaʻole i like me ka hapa nui o nā noiʻi mua i kālele ʻia i nā fecal samples, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā hōʻailona kidney no nā maʻi, bacteria a me nā microorganisms ʻē aʻe. Ua hōʻiliʻili ʻia ka ʻiʻo ʻiʻo i aʻo ʻia mai nā ʻōpeʻa 142 o nā ʻano ʻōpeʻa ʻumi mai nā wahi ʻelima ma ka ʻāina ʻo Yunnan ma Kina. ʻO ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi holoʻokoʻa o ka puʻupaʻa ʻōpeʻa i hōʻike ʻia i ka loaʻa ʻana o kekahi mau microorganism i komo pū me 20 mau maʻi maʻi hou. ʻElua o nā maʻi maʻi hou no ka henipaviruses genus a ua pili pili i nā maʻi make Hendra a me Nipah. No nā ʻōpeʻapeʻa e noho ana ma kahi māla waina ma kahi kokoke i nā kauhale. Hoʻoulu kēia i ka hopohopo e pili ana i ka hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻoiai ʻo nā ʻōpeʻapeʻa hua (Pteropus) he mau pūʻali kūlohelohe o nā henipaviruses i lawe pinepine ʻia i nā kānaka a me nā holoholona ma o nā meaʻai i haumia i ka mimi ʻōpeʻa a i ʻole kohu.
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E hoʻomaopopo ':
- Kuang G., et al 2025. Hōʻike ka loiloi infectome o nā puʻupaʻa ʻōpeʻa mai ka ʻāina ʻo Yunnan, Kina, i nā henipavirus hou e pili ana i nā maʻi Hendra a me Nipah a me nā microbes bacterial a me eukaryotic. PLOS Pathogen. Hoʻopuka ʻia: 24 Iune 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1013235
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Nā pāhana pili:
- ʻO ka Novel Langya virus (LayV) i ʻike ʻia ma Kina (10 Aukake 2022)
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 and Nipah virus (NiV) are known to cause fatal diseases in humans. In 2022, Langya henipavirus (LayV), a novel henipavirus was identified in Eastern China in febrile patients with known recent history of exposure to animals. In a recent study, researchers report the first detection of two novel henipaviruses from kidneys of bats inhabiting orchard near villages in Yunnan province of China. The two newly emerged henipaviruses are phylogenetically distinct strains and are closely related to lethal Hendra and Nipah viruses. This raises concern about potential spillover risk since fruit bats (Pteropus) are natural hosts of henipaviruses which are usually transmitted to humans and livestock through food contaminated with bat urine or saliva.){kind=link}