ʻO ka hui ākea o Selegiline o nā hopena lapaʻau kūpono

ʻO Selegiline kahi mea hiki ʻole ke hoʻololi i ka monoamine oxidase (MAO) B inhibitor¹. ʻO nā neurotransmitters monoamine, e like me ke serotonin, dopamine a me ka norepinephrine, he mau hua ia o na waikawa amino². ʻO ka enzyme monoamine oxidase A (MAO A) ka mea e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia (waʻi i lalo) serotonin a me nā norepinephrine i loko o ka lolo, aʻo ka monoamine oxidase B (MAO B) e hoʻoheheʻe mua i ka phenylethylamine, methylhistamine a me tryptamine.³. ʻO MAO A a me B e wāwahi i ka dopamine a me ka tyramine³. ʻO ka pale ʻana i nā MAO e hoʻonui i ka nui o nā neurotransmitters monoamine i loko o ka lolo ma ka pale ʻana i kā lākou haki³. Hiki ke koho ʻia nā mea hoʻopaneʻe MAO (MAOI) i ka ʻano ʻano A a i ʻole B o ka enzyme ma nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa akā e nalowale ana ke koho i kahi MAO kikoʻī ma nā kau kiʻekiʻe.³. Eia kekahi, hiki i nā MAOI ke hoʻopaʻa i ka MAO me ka hoʻohuli ʻole a i ʻole ke hoʻohuli ʻole ʻia e kāohi i ka hana o ka enzyme.⁴, me nā mea hope e ʻoi aku ka ikaika.

Ua emi ka hoʻohana ʻana o MAOI i ka manawa ma muli o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e koho koho i nā neurotransmitters like ʻole, no ka mea hiki i nā MAOI ke hoʻonui i ka tyramine ma muli o ke kāohi ʻana i kona haki ʻana, a hiki i ka tyramine-induced hypertensive crisis ke hiki mai.⁵. Ma muli o kēia pilikia, pono ke nānā pono ʻia ka meaʻai a ka mea maʻi no nā meaʻai waiwai nui o tyramine i kūpono ʻole, a hiki ke hana ʻia nā pilina lāʻau he nui ke hoʻohana ʻia kahi MAOI me kahi lāʻau ʻē aʻe e pili ana i nā pae neurotransmitter e hiki ke pilikia e like me nā hihia serotonin kiʻekiʻe, a i ʻole serotonin syndrome⁶.

He mea ʻike kahiko ʻo Selegiline, a ua hana mua ʻia i ka makahiki 1962¹. Hoʻoholo ʻo ia i ka MAO B ma nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, a ʻaʻole hoʻi i ʻike ʻia e hoʻonui i ka nui o ka tyramine. hypertension ke komo pū ʻia me nā meaʻai waiwai nui o tyramine; akā, hoʻemi maʻamau ia i ke koko¹. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole ia he ʻawaʻawa a me he mea lā e hoʻonui i ka manaʻolana o ke ola ma Parkinson ka maʻi (PD) nā maʻi¹. Ma kahi noiʻi, ua hoʻopaneʻe ia i ka pono o ka levodopa ma PD ma kahi o 9 mau mahina ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka tocopherol antioxidant, ma muli paha o ka dopamine-hoʻonui i ka hopena o ka lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia ma ka lolo post-mortem o selegiline-maʻi me nā pae dopamine kiʻekiʻe.¹. Eia kekahi, ʻo selegiline wale nō e hoʻemi i ke kaumaha oxidative e hana ana ma ke ʻano he neuroprotectant me ka hana neurotrophic a me ka antiapoptotic.¹.

Hoʻomaikaʻi pū ʻo Selegiline i nā hana kaʻa, nā hana hoʻomanaʻo a me ka naʻauao i nā maʻi PD⁷. I nā keiki me ka maʻi nānā-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), ua hōʻemi ka selegiline i nā hōʻailona ADHD ma o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka ʻano, ka nānā ʻana a me ke aʻo ʻana i ka ʻike hou me ka ʻole o nā hopena ʻaoʻao.⁸. I nā ʻōpio me ke kaumaha, ʻike ʻia kahi hōʻemi nui o nā hōʻailona depressive me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka transdermal administration o selegiline.⁹. Ke hoʻohana ʻia e mālama i ka maʻi depressive nui (MDD), ma mua o ka hana ʻana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao e like me ka hōʻike ʻana o serotonin hou-e hoʻonui ana i nā antidepressants.¹⁰, ua loa'a i ka selegiline ka hopena maika'i e ho'onui ana i nā helu ma ka nui o nā ho'ā'o hana ho'okamakama¹¹ ma muli paha o kona hopena dopaminergic.

ʻO ka MAO-B inhibitors e like me selegiline a me rasagiline e hoʻolōʻihi i ka piʻi ʻana o nā maʻi neurodegenerative.¹, a ua like nā mea ʻelua i ka hana ʻana i ka PD¹². Eia nō naʻe, i loko o kahi ʻano ʻiole, ua hoʻokō ʻo selegiline i nā hopena antidepressant ʻaʻole like me rasagiline ʻoiai i ka wā i hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā lāʻau ʻelua no ka pale ʻana i ka MAO.¹³, e hōʻike ana i nā pono pili pili i ka selegiline non-MAO. Ua hoʻonui pū ʻo Selegiline i ka synaptic plasticity i ka medial prefrontal cortex o nā ʻiole me ka mimicked PD.¹³, ma muli paha o ka hopena maikaʻi i ʻike ʻia o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma nā kumu neurotrophic e like me ke kumu ulu o ke aʻalolo, ka mea neurotrophic i loaʻa i ka lolo a me ka glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor.¹⁴. ʻO ka mea hope loa, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka selegiline ma ke ʻano he MAOI kūʻokoʻa ma muli o kāna mau metabolites hoihoi e pili ana i ka l-amphetamine-like a me ka l-methamphetamine.¹⁵, hiki ke kōkua i nā hopena kūikawā o selegiline. ʻOiai ʻo kēia mau metabolites, ua manaʻo ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana no ka mālama ʻana i ka hoʻomāinoino psychostimulant a me ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka ulaula no ka mea ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo selegiline he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i loko o kahi hoʻokolohua.¹⁵.

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E hoʻomaopopo ':  

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