Ua hōʻike ʻia ka hopena o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i kekahi mau mea kuke alumini a me nā mea kuke keleawe e hoʻokahe i nā pae koʻikoʻi o ke kēpau (Pb) mai ka ipu kuke i hoʻohana ʻia no ka kuke ʻana i meaʻai. He mea ʻawaʻawa ke kēpau i nā kānaka no laila ʻaʻole palekana ka ʻai me ka nui o ke kēpau no ka ʻai ʻana. Ma USA, ua ao aku ka FDA e pili ana i ka hoohana ana i kekahi mau mea kuke i hanaia mai ka aluminika, keleawe, a me na alumini alumini i hanaia e kekahi mau mokuna ma na aina haahaa a me waena (LMICs) me ka palena palena a me ka mana. Hōʻike nā mea hōʻike e loaʻa i nā mea metala kuʻuna mai nā wahi a puni ka honua i nā pae kiʻekiʻe o ke kēpau. Ua loiloi ʻo Fellows, KM et al (2024) i nā mea kuke aluminika, nā mea keleawe a me nā mea kila kila i hoʻohana ʻia i ka kuke ʻana a ua ʻike ʻia he nui nā huahana alumini a me nā mea kuke keleawe i ʻoi aku ma mua o 100 mau ʻāpana o ka miliona (ppm) o ke kēpau. Ma lalo o nā kūlana i hoʻohālikelike ʻia, ua ʻoi aku ka nui o ka Lead (Pb) i ʻoi aku ma mua o nā palena meaʻai i ʻōlelo ʻia. Ua noiʻi ʻia kahi noiʻi hou a Binkhorst G., et al (2025) i ka ʻike ʻana i ke alakaʻi mai nā ipu kuke alumini ma nā ʻāina haʻahaʻa a me waena (LMICs) a ʻike ʻia ʻo ka nui o nā kumu alakaʻi i loko o nā ipu kuke awelika 1600 ppm a me ka nui a me ka leachable mau kumu kepau. He mea koʻikoʻi kēia e pili ana i ke olakino lehulehu no ka mea ua hoʻohana nui ʻia ia mea kuke ma nā ʻāina he nui a puni ka honua.
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo FDA no ka hoʻohana ʻana i kekahi mau mea kuke i lawe ʻia mai ka aluminika, keleawe, a me nā alumini alumini ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i hōʻike ʻia ka leaching o nā pae koʻikoʻi o ke kēpau (Pb) i loko o ka meaʻai ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka kuke ʻana, no laila e palekana ai ka meaʻai. Ua hoʻopuka ʻia kahi papa inoa o ia mau huahana kuke, a ua ʻōlelo ʻia nā mea hoʻohana e hoʻolei aku i ia mau huahana. Ua ʻōlelo ʻia ka poʻe kuleana i ke kaulahao hoʻolako o ia mau huahana e hoʻopau i ka hana ʻana i ia mau huahana.
He mea ʻawaʻawa ke kēpau i nā kānaka a hiki ke hoʻopilikia i nā kānaka o kēlā me kēia makahiki. Hiki i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka hoʻolaha ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia olakino koʻikoʻi, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā keiki a me nā pēpē. ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o nā keiki a me nā pēpē i ke alakaʻi ʻana.
Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo nā mea metala kuʻuna mai nā wahi a puni o ka honua ke loaʻa nā pae kiʻekiʻe o alakai, hiki ke lele i loko o ka meaʻai a me nā mea inu ke hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻomākaukau, lawelawe a mālama paha i nā meaʻai a me nā mea inu. I ka makahiki i hala aku nei, i Iulai 2024, ua ʻike ʻia ka nānā ʻana i ke alakaʻi koko ma New York City i kahi wahine hāpai a me ʻelua mau ʻohana me ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kēpau koko ma luna o ka waiwai kuhikuhi o 3.5 µg/dL. Ua hoʻohana lākou i ke keleawe a me ke keleawe kahiko e hoʻomākaukau a lawelawe i ka meaʻai a me nā mea inu.
I mea e ʻike ai i ke kumu o ka hoʻolaha alakaʻi, ua loiloi ʻo Fellows, KM et al (2024) i nā mea kuke alumini, nā mea keleawe a me nā mea kila kila i hoʻohana ʻia i ka kuke ʻana. Ua ʻike ʻia he nui nā huahana kuke alumini i loaʻa ma mua o 100 mau ʻāpana o ka miliona (ppm) o ke kēpau. Ma lalo o nā kūlana kuke a me ka mālama ʻana, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kēpau leached (Pb) ma mua o nā palena meaʻai i ʻōlelo ʻia. Hōʻike pū nā ipu kuke keleawe i nā hopena like me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā pae kepau kiʻekiʻe. Ma kēia haʻawina, ʻo ka mea hoihoi, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā mea kuke kila kuhili ʻole i ke kēpau ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā mea alumini a me ke keleawe.
Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo nā mea kuke metala i hana ʻia e kekahi mau ʻāpana ma nā ʻāina haʻahaʻa a me waena (LMICs) me ka maʻamau ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a me ka hoʻomalu ʻana he mau kumu alakaʻi kiʻekiʻe. Ua noiʻi ʻia kahi noiʻi hou e Binkhorst G., et al (2025) i ka ʻike ʻana i ke alakaʻi mai nā ipu kuke alumini ma nā ʻāina haʻahaʻa a me waena. Ua hōʻike ʻia kahi hōʻike ʻana o 113 ka nui o nā ipu alumini hou mai 25 LMICs ʻo ka nui o ke alakaʻi i loko o nā ipu mai < 5 ppm a kokoke i 16,000 ppm, me ka awelika 1600 ppm, me ka nui o nā kumu alakaʻi i loko o nā ipu mai Vietnam, Pakistan, Indonesia, a me India. ʻO ka nui o ke alakaʻi leachable mai <1–2900 μg/L me ka awelika 100 μg/L ma hope o ka hoʻolapalapa ʻana i 4% acetic acid no 2 hola. Ua like like ka huina a me ka leachable concentration concentration. ʻO nā ipu kuke i hana ʻia ma ka hoʻolei ʻana i ka leached i ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kēpau i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ipu i hana ʻia mai ka alumini ʻōwili ʻia. Hiki i ia mau kepau ke alakaʻi i ke kiʻekiʻe o ke koko ma mua o ka paepae hana o 5 μg/dL i nā keiki a me nā wahine o nā makahiki hānau keiki. He mea koʻikoʻi kēia hōʻoia ʻana o ka nui o ke alakaʻi i loko o nā mea kuke no ka hana olakino lehulehu.
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E hoʻomaopopo ':
- Hoʻopuka ʻo FDA i ka ʻōlelo aʻo e pili ana i nā mea kuke i lawe ʻia e hiki ke alakaʻi i ke alakaʻi. Loaʻa ma ka 13 ʻAukake 2025 https://www.fda.gov/food/alerts-advisories-safety-information/fda-issues-warning-about-imported-cookware-may-leach-lead-august-2025
- Hore P, Alex-Oni K, Sedlar S, Bardhi N, Ehrlich J. Elevated Blood Lead Levels in a Pregnant Woman and her Family from Traditional Kansa (Bronze) and Pital (Brass) Metalware - New York City, 2024. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2025; 74:298–301. 22 Mei 2025. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm7418a1
- Nā hoa, KM, Samy, S. & Whittaker, SG E loiloi ana i nā mea kuke metala ma ke ʻano he kumu o ka ʻike kepau. J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol 35, 342–350 (2025). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41370-024-00686-7
- Binkhorst G., et al 2025. Hiki ke alakaʻi ʻia mai nā ipu kuke alumini ma nā ʻāina haʻahaʻa a me waena. Ka Nupepa o na Mea Pilikino. Vol. 492, 15 Iulai 2025, 138134. DOI: DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138134
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 from the cookware used for cooking into food. Lead is toxic to humans hence food with high concentration of lead is unsafe for consumption.){kind=link}