Ua manaʻo pinepine ʻia nā mea ʻohi holoholona he poʻe holoholona lapuwale i noho i nā ola pōkole a ʻeha. Ma ke ʻano o nā holomua kaiāulu e like me ka ʻenehana, ua emi iho nā kaiāulu ʻohi holoholona ma mua o nā kaiāulu kanaka kīwila o kēia wā . Eia nō naʻe, ʻo kēia hiʻohiʻona maʻalahi e pale aku i nā kānaka mai ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻike i ka 90% o ko kākou ulu ʻana ma ke ʻano he poʻe ʻohi holoholona, a ʻo kēlā ʻike e hāʻawi iā kākou i nā haʻawina e pili ana i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ko kākou ʻano ola ma o ka mālama ʻana i ko kākou ʻano a me ke ʻano o ko kākou ulu ʻana.
Ua ʻike maopopo ʻia he pōkole loa ke ola awelika o ka poʻe hahai holoholona ma mua o nā kānaka o kēia wā , ʻo ke ola awelika o ka poʻe hahai holoholona ma waena o 21 a me 372 keneta i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ke ola honua o kānaka i kēia lā, ʻo ia hoʻi he 70 a me 3. Eia nō naʻe, i ka wā e kaohi ʻia ai ka hana ʻino, ka make ʻana o nā keiki, a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe, lilo ka ola awelika o ka poʻe hahai holoholona i 702 keneta , ʻaneʻane like ia me ke ola o nā kānaka o kēia wā.
ʻOi aku ka olakino o nā mea ʻohi holoholona hahai holoholona i kēia mau lā ma mua o nā kānaka o ka nohona kanaka . ʻO nā maʻi laha ʻole (NCD) e like me ka maʻi diabetes, ka maʻi puʻuwai, ke kanesa a me ka maʻi Alzheimer he mea maʻamau ʻole ia i waena o nā mea ʻohi holoholona hahai holoholona - ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o 10% 4 o nā poʻe ma luna o 60 i loko o ka heluna kanaka i loaʻa nā NCD, i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā heluna kanaka o ke kūlanakauhale hou kahi ma kahi o 15% 5 o nā poʻe 60 a 79 mau makahiki i loaʻa ka maʻi puʻuwai wale nō (hoʻokahi wale nō o nā mea hiki ke loaʻa i ka NCD). ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka mea ʻohi holoholona hahai holoholona ma mua o ke kanaka kūlanakauhale maʻamau , ʻoiai he 100 mau minuke ka mea ʻohi holoholona hahai holoholona maʻamau i kēlā me kēia lā o ka hoʻoikaika kino haʻahaʻa a kiʻekiʻe 4 , i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me 17 mau minuke o ka pākeke ʻAmelika hou 7. ʻO ko lākou momona kino maʻamau hoʻi ma kahi o 26% no nā wahine a me 14% no nā kāne 4 , i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka momona kino maʻamau o ka pākeke ʻAmelika he 40% no nā wahine a me 28% no nā kāne 8.
Eia kekahi, i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wā Neolithic (ʻo kēia ka hoʻololi ʻana mai ka hahai holoholona a me ka ʻohi ʻana i ka mahiʻai), ua emi ke olakino o kānaka ma ke ʻano he poʻe pākahi 6. Ua piʻi aʻe ka nui o nā maʻi niho, nā maʻi lele, a me nā hemahema meaʻai 6 me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka Neolithic revolution. Aia kekahi ʻano o ka emi ʻana o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pākeke me ka ʻai e pili ana i ka mahiʻai 6. ʻO ka emi ʻana o nā ʻano meaʻai like ʻole i ka ʻai he ʻano nui ia o kēia. ʻO ka mea kupanaha, ua loaʻa i nā mea ʻohi holoholona kā lākou meaʻai i ka manawa pōkole ma mua o ka poʻe mahiʻai, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka manawa leʻaleʻa o nā mea ʻohi holoholona 9. ʻOi aku ka mea kupanaha, ua emi ka wī ma waena o nā mea ʻohi holoholona ma mua o ka poʻe mahiʻai 10.
ʻOi aku ka like o nā hui ʻohiʻohi hahai holoholona ma mua o nā hui e hilinaʻi ana i ka mahiʻai 11 no ka mea ua emi nā kumuwaiwai i hōʻiliʻili ʻia a no laila ʻaʻole hiki i nā kānaka ke loaʻa ka mana ma luna o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe, ʻoiai he mau ʻāpana pono lākou a pau i ka hui. No laila, me he mea lā ʻo ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā kumuwaiwai e alakaʻi ana i ka pahū nui ʻana o ka heluna kanaka ke kumu nui no ka hana hou kanaka mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka mahiʻai , a he mea hiki paha ke hoʻopilikia ʻia ke olakino o nā kānaka ma muli o ia mea. ʻOiai, ʻike maopopo ʻia he nui o kēia mau hana hou e like me ka lāʻau lapaʻau e hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ke olakino kanaka , akā naʻe, he nui nā kumu o ka hōʻino ʻana o ke olakino noʻonoʻo a me ke kino ma muli o ko mākou ʻokoʻa ʻana mai ko mākou aʻa ʻohi hahai holoholona.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.29198/scieu/2008141
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