Ua hōʻoia ʻia e ka noiʻi ʻepekema he mau mea lokomaikaʻi nā ʻīlio e lanakila ana i nā pilikia e kōkua i ko lākou mau mea nona.
Ua mālama nā kānaka i nā ʻīlio no nā tausani makahiki a ʻo ka pilina ma waena o nā kānaka a me kā lākou mau ʻīlio holoholona he laʻana maikaʻi loa ia o kahi pilina ikaika a me ka naʻau. Ua manaʻo mau nā mea nona nā ʻīlio haʻaheo a puni ka honua a ua kūkākūkā pinepine me kā lākou mau hoaaloha a me ko lākou ʻohana i kekahi manawa e pili ana i ke ʻano o ko lākou manaʻo a me ka manaʻo ua piha kā lākou mau hoa ʻīlio i ke aloha a me ke aloha, ʻoiai i nā manawa e huhū a kaumaha ai nā mea nona. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻaʻole wale nā ʻīlio e aloha i ko lākou mau mea nona akā manaʻo pū nā ʻīlio i kēia mau kānaka he ʻohana aloha e hāʻawi ana iā lākou i kahi malu a me ka palekana. Ua kapa ʻia nā ʻīlio ʻo 'ka hoaaloha maikaʻi loa o ke kanaka' no ka lōʻihi o ka noho ʻana o ka palapala. Ua kaulana kēlā mau moʻolelo e pili ana i ka kūpaʻa o ka ʻīlio, ke aloha a me ka pilina me nā kānaka ma nā ʻano āpau inā he puke, mele a i ʻole nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni hiʻohiʻona. ʻOiai kēia ʻike nui e pili ana i ka maikaʻi o ka pilina ma waena o ke kanaka a me kāna ʻīlio holoholona, ua hana ʻia nā haʻawina ʻepekema me nā hopena like ʻole ma kēia wahi a hiki i kēia manawa.
He mau mea aloha ka ʻīlio
Ua hōʻike nā kānaka noiʻi mai ke Kulanui ʻo John Hopkins ma kā lākou noiʻi i paʻi ʻia ma Springer's Learning and Behaviour he hoaaloha maikaʻi loa nā ʻīlio a he mau mea aloha nui lākou me ka ʻike kaiāulu i hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia a wikiwiki lākou e hōʻoluʻolu i ko lākou mau mea nona ke ʻike lākou ua pilikia ko lākou mau mea nona. Ua hana nā kānaka noiʻi i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua e hoʻomaopopo i nā pae o ke aloha a nā ʻīlio e hōʻike ai i ko lākou mau mea nona. Ma kekahi o nā hoʻokolohua he nui, ua hōʻuluʻulu ʻia kahi hui o 34 mau mea nona nā ʻīlio a me kā lākou mau ʻīlio o nā nui a me nā ʻano like ʻole a ua noi ʻia nā mea nona e uē a humu paha i kahi mele. Ua hana ʻia hoʻokahi i ka manawa no kēlā me kēia pālua o ka ʻīlio a me ka mea nona ka ʻīlio ʻoiai e noho ana lāua ma nā lumi like ʻole me kahi puka aniani pani ma waena i kākoʻo ʻia e ʻekolu mau magnet e hiki ai ke wehe maʻalahi. Ua hoʻoholo pono nā kānaka noiʻi i ka pane ʻana o ka ʻīlio a me ko lākou puʻuwai puʻuwai ( physiological ) ma ka lawe ʻana i nā ana ma kahi mea nānā puʻuwai. Ua ʻike ʻia i ka wā i 'uē' ai ko lākou mau mea nona a i ʻole e hoʻōho "kōkua" a lohe nā ʻīlio i kēia mau kāhea pilikia, ua wehe lākou i ka puka i ʻekolu manawa wikiwiki e komo mai a hāʻawi i ka hōʻoluʻolu a me ke kōkua a "hoʻopakele" i ko lākou mau mea nona. He hoʻohālikelike loa kēia i ka wā e hīmeni wale ana nā mea nona i kahi mele a ʻike ʻia ua hauʻoli lākou. Ma ka nānā ʻana i nā nānā kikoʻī i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, ua pane nā ʻīlio i loko o ka awelika o 24.43 kekona i ka wā i hoʻohālike ai ko lākou mau mea nona e kaumaha ana i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka pane awelika o 95.89 kekona i ka wā i ʻike ʻia ai nā mea nona ka hauʻoli i ka wā e hīmeni ana nā keiki i nā mele. Ua hoʻololi ʻia kēia ʻano hana mai ke ʻano 'trapped other' i hoʻohana ʻia ma nā haʻawina he nui e pili ana i nā ʻiole.
He mea hoihoi ke kūkākūkā ʻana no ke aha e wehe mau ai nā ʻīlio i ka puka i ka wā e kani wale ana ka poʻe nona a ʻaʻohe hōʻailona o ka pilikia. Hōʻike kēia ʻaʻole ʻo ke ʻano o ka ʻīlio i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka empathy wale nō akā ua manaʻo pū kekahi i ko lākou pono no ka launa pū ʻana a me ke ʻano hoihoi i nā mea e kū ana ma waho o ka puka. ʻO kēlā mau ʻīlio i hōʻike ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka pane ʻana i ka wehe ʻana i ka puka, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ke kaumaha. Ua ʻike ʻia nā pae koʻikoʻi ma ka hoʻoholo ʻana i kahi laina o ka holomua ma o ka hana ʻana i nā ana kumu. ʻO kēia kahi manaʻo noʻonoʻo hoʻomaopopo a paʻa pono i nā ʻīlio e lanakila i ko lākou pilikia ponoʻī i mea e hana ai i kahi hana (eia, wehe i ka puka). ʻO ia ke ʻano o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o nā ʻīlio i ko lākou mau manaʻo ponoʻī a hana i ka empathy ma kahi o ka nānā ʻana i kā lākou mea nona nā kānaka. ʻIke ʻia kahi hiʻohiʻona like i nā keiki a i kekahi manawa nā mākua i ka wā e lanakila ai lākou i ko lākou kaumaha pilikino i hiki ke hāʻawi i ke kōkua i kekahi. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻo nā ʻīlio i wehe ʻole i ka puka i hōʻike ʻia i nā hōʻailona maopopo o ka pilikia i loko o lākou e like me ka uē a i ʻole ka wikiwiki e hōʻike ana i ko lākou hopohopo i ke kūlana e pili ana i kahi mea a lākou i aloha maoli ai. Hoʻomaopopo ka poʻe noiʻi he ʻano maʻamau kēia a ʻaʻole hopohopo no ka mea hiki i nā ʻīlio, e like me ke kanaka, ke hōʻike i nā pae like ʻole o ke aloha i kekahi manawa a i ʻole. Ma kahi hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe, ua kālailai nā mea noiʻi i nā maka o nā ʻīlio i kā lākou mau mea nona e aʻo hou e pili ana i ka pilina.
Ma nā hoʻokolohua i hana ʻia, 16 o nā ʻīlio 34 i hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia i nā ʻīlio lapaʻau a hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia "nā ʻīlio lawelawe". Eia nō naʻe, hana like nā ʻīlio āpau me ka nānā ʻole inā he ʻīlio lawelawe lākou a ʻaʻole paha, ʻaʻole pili ka makahiki a me kā lākou ʻano. ʻO ia ke ʻano o ka hōʻike ʻana o nā ʻīlio āpau i nā ʻano hoʻopaʻa kanaka-holoholona like, ʻoiai ua loaʻa i nā ʻīlio therapy nā mākau hou aʻe ke kākau inoa lākou ma ke ʻano he ʻīlio lawelawe a ʻike kēia mau mākau no ka hoʻolohe ʻana ma mua o ke kūlana manaʻo. He hopena koʻikoʻi kēia hopena i ke ʻano i hoʻohana ʻia e koho a hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā ʻīlio lawelawe lapaʻau. Hiki i nā loea ke hoʻoholo i nā ʻano mea nui loa e hana i nā hoʻomaikaʻi therapeutic i ka hoʻolālā ʻana i nā protocols koho.
Hōʻike ka haʻawina i ka noʻonoʻo kiʻekiʻe o nā canine i nā manaʻo a me nā manaʻo o ke kanaka ke ʻike ʻia lākou e ʻike ikaika i ka loli o ke ʻano o ke kanaka. ʻO ia mau aʻo ʻana e hoʻonui i ko mākou ʻike no ka canine empathy a me ke ʻano o nā ʻano like ʻole i loko o ka pōʻaiapili ākea. He mea hoihoi ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke ʻano o kēia hana e hana hou i nā haʻawina e pili ana i nā holoholona ʻē aʻe e like me nā pōpoki, nā lapeti a i ʻole nā kākoʻo. ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e hoʻomaopopo i ka manaʻo a me ka pane ʻana o nā ʻīlio hiki ke hāʻawi iā mākou i kahi hoʻomaka e hoʻomaopopo i ka ulu ʻana o ke aloha a me ke aloha i loko o ke kanaka e hana ai lākou me ke aloha i nā kūlana paʻakikī. Hiki ke kōkua iā mākou e noiʻi i ka nui o ka pane aloha a hoʻomaikaʻi pū i ko mākou ʻike i ka moʻolelo evolutionary kaʻana like o nā mammals - ke kanaka a me nā ʻīlio.
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Puna (s)
Sanford EM et al. 2018. Aia ʻo Timmy i loko o ka luawai: Empathy a me ke kōkua prosocial i nā ʻīlio. Ke aʻo ʻana a me ke ʻano . https://doi.org/10.3758/s13420-018-0332-3
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